Preparing a Passage Plan: A Sailor’s Essential Guide

Preparing a passage plan is an essential part of any sailing voyage. It’s more than just plotting a course on a chart—it’s about visualizing your entire journey, identifying potential challenges, and making sure you’re fully prepared for a safe and enjoyable trip.

Whether you’re a professional skipper or an enthusiastic cruiser, following a clear passage plan is both good seamanship and increasingly a legal requirement under SOLAS V regulations for offshore passages.

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⚓ Why is a Passage Plan Important?

Writing down your passage plan helps to clarify your thoughts, highlight potential risks, and provide a reference if you need assistance or are involved with authorities. Planning effectively can help you avoid hazards, weather surprises, and stressful situations, giving you confidence before you set sail.

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🗺️ Steps to Prepare Your Passage Plan

1. Define Your Route and Timing

Decide your departure port, destination, and estimated arrival time. Consider the type of vessel, its draft, length overall (LOA), and seaworthiness. Know your boat’s sail plan, engine specs, fuel capacity, safety equipment, and communication gear.

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2. Check Tides, Currents, and Weather

Understand tidal streams and currents along your route, and consult both local and broader weather forecasts. Look for any warnings or unusual conditions that might affect your passage.

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3. Select Waypoints Carefully

Plot waypoints on your charts to avoid hazards, shoals, or restricted areas. Choose your path considering wind direction, tidal flow, and navigation aids.

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4. Estimate Passage Duration

Calculate your likely travel time using your boat’s cruising speed, sea state, and tidal influences. Allow some margin for unexpected delays.

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5. Plan Around Tidal Gates

Identify narrow channels or tidal gates (like headlands or straits) where currents can be strong. Aim to pass through these areas with the tide in your favor, adjusting departure time if needed.

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6. Aim for Daylight Arrival

If possible, plan to arrive at your destination a couple of hours after sunrise or before sunset. This timing improves visibility for navigation and reduces stress when entering unfamiliar harbors.

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7. Prepare Alternative Plans

Identify safe ports of refuge along your route. Check access conditions, tidal restrictions, and harbor rules. Be ready to divert if weather deteriorates or problems arise.

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8. Consider Your Crew

Assess your crew’s experience, fitness, and readiness for the planned passage. The right crew composition and clear briefing on safety procedures are vital for smooth sailing.

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9. Document and Communicate Your Plan

Write down your passage plan and keep a copy on board. Brief your crew thoroughly and establish a watch system. Inform your marina, family, or coastguard about your plan and expected arrival time.

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10. Prepare Provisions and Equipment

Ensure the boat is well stocked with food, water, fuel, and essentials like gas, matches, and spare parts. Confirm that all crew members know emergency procedures and the locations of critical equipment such as sea cocks and battery isolators.

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⚓ Final Thoughts

A well-prepared passage plan isn’t just paperwork—it’s the backbone of a safe and enjoyable voyage. Neglecting this crucial step can lead to dangerous situations at sea, so take the time to do it properly. After all, you’re a sailor, and planning is what sailors do best!

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If you’re ready to put your passage planning skills into practice, check out our RYA sailing courses or join a Malta sailing adventure to gain real-world experience navigating tidal waters and coastal routes.